Resolution of the Israel-Palestine Conflict: A Socio-Historical Analysis of Al-Iṣlāḥ Hadiths as a Foundation for Conflict Resolution
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31958/proceedingsoficresh.v3i.13Keywords:
Conflict Resolution, Israel-Palestine, Hadiths of al-Iṣlāḥ, Socio-Historical AnalysisAbstract
Since the beginning of the 21st century, there has been a noteworthy increase in humanitarian casualties resulting from armed conflicts. If left unaddressed, this trend could lead to substantial depopulation and consequent implications for the regression of human civilization. One of the conflicts that has recently witnessed a surge in humanitarian casualties is the ongoing war between Israel and Palestine. This research explores potential solutions to the Israel-Palestine conflict by scrutinizing the socio-historical context of al-iṣlāḥ hadiths. Literature review reveals a research gap in integrating religious teachings as a foundation for conflict resolution. The research employs a qualitative approach, focusing on the analysis of al-iṣlāḥ hadiths to identify principles of conflict resolution, reconciliation, and ethical considerations during disputes. The findings indicate that the Israel-Palestine armed conflict is characterized by a high level of complexity, necessitating substantial power for its resolution. The proposed resolution to the Israel-Palestine conflict involves two approaches: a cultural approach through persuasive actions, such as media campaigns promoting peace values, and a structural approach through power or authority, exemplified by international bodies like the United Nations (UN). The conflict resolution values derived from al-iṣlāḥ hadiths can be implemented through the formulation of agreements, employing techniques such as obliging, compromising, and forcing, particularly emphasizing the relevance of yielding techniques to the specific conditions of the Israel-Palestine conflict.
References
Aal-San’ani, Abu Bakar “Abd al-Razzaq ibn Hammam ibn Nafi” al-Humairi al-Yamani. Musannaf. 2nd ed. India: al-Majlis al-’Ilmi, 1982.
Al-Arzaqi, Muhammad ibn ’Abd Allah. Akhbar Makkah Wa Ma Jaa Fiha Min Al-Asar. Beirut: Dar al-Andalus li al-Nasyr, 1985.
Al-Asqalani, Al Hafizh Ibn Hajar. Fath Al-Bari Bi Syarh Shahih Al-Bukhari. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah li al-Nasyr wa al-Tauzi,’ 1997.
Al-Baihaqi, Abu Bakar Ahmad ibn Husain ibn Ali ibn Abdullah. Al-Sunan Al-Sagir. Edited by Muhammad Abdul Qadir Atha. 1st ed. Makkah al-Mukarramah: Maktabah Dar al-Baz, 1987.
Al-Baihaqi, Ahmad ibn Husain. Al-Sunan Al-Kubra. 3rd ed. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-’Ilmiyyah, 2003.
Al-Bukhari, Muhammad ibn Isma’il. Al-Jami’ Al-Sahih Al-Musnad Min Hadis Rasul Allah Wa Sunanihi Wa Ayyamihi. 1st ed. Beirut - Lebanon: Dar al-Fikr, 2006.
Al-Humaidi, ’Abd Allah ibn Zubair. Musnad Al-Humaidi. 1st ed. Suriah: Dar al-Saqa, 1996.
Al-Isbahani, Isma’il ibn Muhammad. Al-Targib Wa Al-Tarhib. 1st ed. Kairo: Dar al-Hadis, 1994.
al-Khurasani, Abu ’Abd al-Rahman Ahmad ibn Syu’aib ibn Ali ibn Sinan ibn Bahr al-Nasa’i. Al-Sunan Al-Sughrā Li Al-Nasāī. Aleppo: Maktabah al-Matbūāt al-Islāmiyyah, 1984.
Al-Mausuli, Ahmad ibn ’Ali ibn al-Musanna. Musnad Abi Ya’la. 1st ed. Damasku: Dar al-Ma’mun li al-Turas, 1987.
Al-Munawar, Said Agil Husin. “Asbab Al-Wurud Dalam Perspektif Ilmu Hadis.” Refleksi: Jurnal Kajian Agama Dan Filsafat 1 (1998).
Al-Naisaburi, Abu al-Husain Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj al-Qusyairi. Al-Jami` Al-Sahih. Edited by Muhammad Fuad Abdul Baqi. 1st ed. Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turats al-‘Arabiy, n.d.
Al-Qardhawi, Yusuf. Kaifa Nata’amal Ma’a Al-Sunnah Al-Nabawiyyah. 5th ed. Manshoura: Dar al-Wafa’, 1992.
Al-Quzwaini, Abu ’Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Yazid ibn ’Abd Allah ibn Majah. Sunan Ibn Majah. Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Kutub al-Islamy, 1985.
Al-Sahlawi, Mohammed A, and Oystein Noreng. “A Century After Sykes-Picot: Restructuring The Middle East Through Iraq, Kurdistan, And The Arab Spring.” J. Energy & Dev. 39 (2013): 1.
Al-Sijistani, Abu Dawud Sulaiman ibn al-Asy’as. Sunan Abu Daud. Egypt: Dar al-Hijrah, 1999.
Al-Suhaili, ’Abd al-Rahman ibn ’Abd Allah. Al-Raud Al-Anf Fi Syarh Al-Sirah Al-Nabawiyyah Li Ibn Hisyam. Beirut: Dar Ihya’ wa al-Turats al-‘Arabi, 2000.
Al-Syaibani, Abu Abdillah Ahmad ibn Ahmad ibn Muhammad bin Hanbal. Musnad Ahmad Ibn Hanbal. 1st ed. Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turats al-‘Arabiy, 2001.
Al-Tabrani, Sulaiman ibn Ahmad. Al-Mu’jam Al-Kabir. 2nd ed. Cairo: Maktabah Ibn Taimiyah, 1994.
Alkausar, Muhammad Miftah, and Ananda Prayogi. “Fiqh Al-Hadith Review on Children ’ s Status as a Result of Premarital Intercourse” 12, no. 1 (2023): 77–94. https://doi.org/10.15408/quhas.v12i1.32465.
Ash-Shiddieqy, M. Hasbi. Sejarah Dan Pengantar Ilmu Hadis. 8th ed. Jakarta: Bulan Bintang, 1988.
Brown, Jonathan A.C. The Canonization of Al-Bukhārī and Muslim: The Formation and Function of the Sunnī Ḥadīth Canon. 1st ed. Leiden: Brill, 2007.
Center for Preventive Action. “Israeli-Palestinian Conflict.” New York, 2024. https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/israeli-palestinian-conflict.
Crozier, Brian. A Theory of Conflict. Hamilton London, 1974.
Dowty, Alan. “Origins of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict.” Routledge Companion to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, 2022.
Filiu, Jean-Pierre. “The Origins of Hamas: Militant Legacy or Israeli Tool?” Journal of Palestine Studies 41, no. 3 (2012): 54–70.
Finkelstein, Norman G. Image and Reality of the Israel-Palestine Conflict. Verso, 2003.
Fisher, Simon. Mengelola Konflik Keterampilan Dan Strategi Untuk Bertindak. Edited by SN. Karikasari. Jakarta: PT Gramedia, 2001.
Frydenberg, Erica. Morton Deutsch: A Life and Legacy of Mediation and Conflict Resolution. Australian Academic Press, 2005.
Gazit, Shlomo. “Israel and the Palestinians: Fifty Years of Wars and Turning Points.” The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 555, no. 1 (1998): 82–96.
Gelvin, James L. The Israel-Palestine Conflict: One Hundred Years of War. Cambridge University Press, 2014.
Greenfield, Marlene. “Number of Documented Civilian Deaths in the Iraq War from 2003 to October 2023.” STATISTA, 2023. https://www.statista.com/statistics/269729/documented-civilian-deaths-in-iraq-war-since-2003/.
Hammel, Eric. Six Days in June: How Israel Won the 1967 Arab-Israeli War. Daniel Hammel, 2020.
Harahap, Zul Anwar Ajim. “Qisas 1 Dalam Persfektif Ayat Dan Hadits Ahkam.” Fitrah 8 (2014): 151–68.
Haynes, Jeffrey. “From Huntington to Trump: Twenty-Five Years of the ‘Clash of Civilizations.’” In A Quarter Century of the “Clash of Civilizations,” 11–23. Routledge, 2021.
Helmy, Muhammad Irfan. Pendekatan Sosiologis-Historis Dalam Fiqh Al-Hadits: Kontribusi Asbab Al-Wurud Dalam Pemahaman Hadis Secara Kontekstual. Kreasi Total Media, 2020.
Hibban, Muhammad ibn. Al-Ihsan Fi Taqrib Sahih Ibn Hibban. 1st ed. Beirut: Muassasah al-Risalah, 1987.
Hisyam, ’Abd al-Malik ibn. Al-Sirah Al-Nabawiyyah Li Ibn Hisyam. 2nd ed. Mishr: Matba’ah Mustafa al-Babi, 1955.
JAZEERA, AL. “Israel Ramps Up Attacks in Gaza, Striking Schools, Hospitals and Mosques.” Doha, Qatar, 2024. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/11/4/israeli-strikes-target-schools-hospitals-mosques-on-gaza.
Jazeera Media Network, Al. “Israel-Gaza: ‘We All Have 13,000 Deaths on Our Conscience.’” Qatar, 2023. https://www.aljazeera.com/program/upfront/2023/11/22/israel-gaza-we-all-have-13000-deaths-on-our-conscience.
Kenyon, Kathleen Mary. “Palestine | History, People, Conflict, & Religion.” Britannica, 2023. https://www.britannica.com/place/Palestine.
Khalaf, Ibn Batal ’Ali ibn. Syarh Sahih Al-Bukhari Li Ibn Batal. 2nd ed. Riyad: Maktabah al-Rusyd, 2002.
Kholishuddin. “Penggunaan Pendekatan Maqasid Shariah Sebagai Instrumen Kontekstualisasi Makna Hadis.” Nabawi: Journal of Hadith Studies 1, no. 1 (2020).
Lazar, Alon, Tal Litvak-Hirsch, and Julia Chaitin. “Between Culture and Family: Jewish-Israeli Young Adults’ Relation to the Holocaust as a Cultural Trauma.” Traumatology 14, no. 4 (2008): 93–102.
Lestari, Lenni. “Epistemologi Ilmu Asbab Al-Wurud Al-Hadis.” Jurnal Studi Ilmu-Ilmu Al-Qur’an Dan Hadis 16, no. 2 (2015): 265–85. https://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/ushuluddin/alquran/article/view/1602-07.
Lustick, Ian S. “Israel’s Migration Balance Demography, Politics, and Ideology.” Israel Studies Review 26, no. 1 (2011): 33–65.
Mabarrun, Alwi. “Al-Manhaj An-Nabawi Fi Halli Al-Shara’ Baina An-Nas.” Fakultas dirasat islamiah, 2020. https://repository.uinjkt.ac.id/dspace/handle/123456789/52654.
Maika, Amelia. “Pendekatan Kultural Sebagai Strategi Resolusi Konflik: Kasus Khon Kaen Thailand.” Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik 10, no. 2 (2006): 181–99.
Malik, Malik ibn Anas ibn. Muwatta’. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Islamiyyah, 2004.
Margono, Valerie Tania. “Pengaruh Faktor Sistem Sosial Terhadap Perbedaan Framing Pemberitaan CNN Dan Al Jazeera Dalam Konflik Israel-Palestina Tahun 2021,” 2023.
Matthews, Elizabeth. The Israel-Palestine Conflict: Parallel Discourses. Vol. 3. Taylor & Francis, 2011.
Monjur, Mustafa. “An Analysis on the Practices of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in Resolving Conflicts.” Journal of the Bangladesh Association of Young Researchers (JBAYR) 1, no. 1 (2011): 109–25. 10.3329/jbayr.v1i1.6840.
Mor, Liron. Conflicts: The Poetics and Politics of Palestine-Israel. Fordham Univ Press, 2024.
Mukhlas, Abdullah Arif, and STAI Al-Azhar Menganti Gresik. “Manajemen Bisnis Rasulullah.” Jurnal Al-Iqtishod 8, no. 1 (2020): 46–52.
Nieto, David. “Daily Death Rate in Gaza Higher than Any Other Major 21st Century Conflict - Oxfam.” Jerusalem, 2024. https://www.oxfam.org/en/press-releases/daily-death-rate-gaza-higher-any-other-major-21st-century-conflict-oxfam.
OCHA. “Data on Casualties.” USA, 2023. https://www.ochaopt.org/data/casualties.
Pappe, Ilan. “Histories and Historians in Israel & Palestine.” Transforming Cultures EJournal 1, no. 1 (2006).
Putri, Penny Kurnia. “Manajemen Konflik Dan Resolusi Konflik: Sebuah Pendekatan Terhadap Perdamaian.” Papua Journal of Diplomacy and International Relations 2, no. 1 (2022): 16–34.
Qasim, Hamzah Muhammad. Manar Al-Qari Syarh Mukhtasar Sahih Al-Bukhari. 1st ed. Damaskus: Maktabah Dar al-Bayan, 1989.
Rapoport, Anatol. Game Theory as a Theory of Conflict Resolution. Vol. 2. Springer Science & Business Media, 2012.
Reuters. “U.S. Intelligence Assesses Ukraine War Has Cost Russia 315,000 Casualties.” USA, 2023.
Sa’di, Ahmad H, and Lila Abu-Lughod. Nakba: Palestine, 1948, and the Claims of Memory. Columbia University Press, 2007.
Said, Edward W. “The Real Meaning of the Hebron Agreement.” Journal of Palestine Studies 26, no. 3 (1997): 31–36.
Said, Muhammad Raf’at. Asbab Wurud Al-Hadis: Tahlil Wa Ta’sis. Kairo: Dar al-Akhbar al-Yaum, 1994.
Scannell, Mary. The Big Book of Conflict Resolution Games. United States of America: McGraw – Hill Companies, Inc, 2010.
Shlaim, Avi. “From The Historical Archive: Israel and the Arrogance Of Power.” Irish Pages 9, no. 2 (2015): 133–80.
Syaibah, Abu Bakr ibn Abi. Al-Musannaf Fi Al-Ahadis Wa Al-Asar. 1st ed. Riyad: Maktabah al-Rusyd, 1988.
Syakhrani, Abdul Wahab, and Ahmad Fahri. “Fungsi, Kedudukan Dan Perbandingan Hadits Dengan Al-Qur’an.” Mushaf Journal: Jurnal Ilmu Al Quran Dan Hadis 3, no. 1 (2023): 51–58.
Ting-Toomey, Stella. “Toward a Theory of Conflict and Culture.,” 1982.
UNHCR. “Nearly 4,000 Killed, Civilian Property Destroyed in Raging Conflict in Sudan’s Darfur.” USA, 2023. https://www.unhcr.org/news/briefing-notes/nearly-4-000-killed-civilian-property-destroyed-raging-conflict-sudan-s-darfur.
United Nations. “UN Human Rights Office Estimates More than 306,000 Civilians Were Killed over 10 Years in Syria Conflict.” USA, 2022. https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2022/06/un-human-rights-office-estimates-more-306000-civilians-were-killed-over-10.
Watson Institute. “Human And Budgetary Costs To Date Of The U.S. War In Afghanistan, 2001-2022.” Watson Institute For International And Public Affairs. USA, 2021. https://watson.brown.edu/costsofwar/figures/2021/human-and-budgetary-costs-date-us-war-afghanistan-2001-2022.
Yiftachel, Oren. “Territory as the Kernel of the Nation: Space, Time and Nationalism in Israel/Palestine.” Geopolitics 7, no. 2 (2002): 215–48.
Zagoto, Novensius Adronikus, Diki Wahyudi, Maria Glaydista Amela, and Engelita Manurung. “Hukum Humaniter Perang Terkait Agresi Israel Ke Palestina.” Advanced In Social Humanities Research 1, no. 7 (2023): 922–33.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Ananda Prayogi, Budi Ichwayudi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
